Ladle refractory materials are key materials used in the steelmaking process to protect the ladle lining and withstand the erosion of high-temperature molten steel and slag. As the main container for holding and transporting molten steel (from converter/electric furnace to continuous casting tundish), the refractory materials of the ladle need to remain stable under extreme thermodynamic and chemical conditions, while adapting to frequent molten steel impact, temperature changes and violent reactions at the slag-steel interface. The following are the key components, performance requirements and technical challenges of ladle refractory materials。

Flake vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅ Flake) is a form of vanadium pentoxide, which is golden or orange-yellow flake crystals with good chemical stability and redox properties. Compared with powder, the flake structure has higher crystallinity and better purity, which is convenient for storage and transportation and use, and is often used in high-end application fields.

Ferroalloy is one of the important raw materials for producing alloy and special steel. It is used as deoxidizer and alloy additive in the steel production process to give steel special properties, such as improving corrosion resistance, improving high temperature hardness and strength, improving wear resistance and abrasion resistance, and improving creep strength.

Refractory nozzle is a refractory material product used for high-temperature molten metal (such as molten steel, molten iron) or non-metallic melt flow control, usually installed in the outlet or sliding nozzle system of metallurgical equipment (such as ladle, converter, tundish).

In the modern steel industry, the addition of alloying elements is essential to improve the performance of steel. Chromium, as an important alloying element, can significantly improve the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high-temperature performance of steel. Low-carbon ferrochrome, with high chromium and low carbon, ensures the chromium content and controls the carbon content. It is an effective alloy additive for smelting stainless steel, alloy steel and special steel.

Ferrosilicon alloy is mainly composed of iron and silicon, and the silicon content is usually between 15% and 90%, which varies according to different application requirements and standard specifications.