I-silicon carbide powder yimathiriyeli ekrwada esetyenziswa kwi-powder metallurgy; ngokukodwa, i-silicon carbide emnyama isetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo ezinamandla asezantsi-ezifana nentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye neentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous-kunye nezinto ezingezo zetsimbi ezifana nelitye kunye nesikhumba. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-silicon carbide eluhlaza ephezulu-yobunyulu isetyenziswa rhoqo ukuchaneka kokusila kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye ne-brittle, njenge-carbides enesamente (i-tungsten carbide), iglasi yokukhanya, kunye neekeramics ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Imbali ye-silicon carbide ibubungqina bobuchule bomntu. Ngelixa isenzeka ngokwemvelo ngohlobo lweminerali enqabileyo kakhulu ye-moissanite-efumaneka kuphela kumanani omkhondo kwiimeteorites-ihlabathi lemizi mveliso lixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwimveliso yokwenziwa. Inkqubo ye-Acheson ihlala ingumgangatho wegolide wokuvelisa, nangona ihlanjululwe kumashumi eminyaka ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokucoceka kwemveliso. Isiphumo "esikrwada" se-silicon carbide emva koko siyatyunyuzwa, sihlanjwe, kwaye sibekwe kakuhle ngokweesayizi ezahlukeneyo ukwenza i-silicon carbide abrasive powder esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje.
Ukuhlelwa kwezi powders kulawulwa yimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-FEPA (i-Federation of European Producers of Abrasives), i-ANSI (i-American National Standards Institute), kunye ne-JIS (iMigangatho yoShishino lwaseJapan). Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani besuntswana kuyahambelana, okubalulekileyo ekufezekiseni umphezulu oqikelelwayo wokugqitywa ekusebenzeni, ukupolisha, kunye nokusila. Umgubo onomlinganiselo obanzi weenkozo ezisasazwayo unokubangela imikrwelo enzulu kwisiqwenga sokusebenza esiethe-ethe, ngelixa umgubo olawulwa ngokuqinileyo uqinisekisa ukugqitywa okufanayo, umgangatho ophezulu.
Ukucoceka kweekhemikhali ze-silicon carbide abrasive powder inquma iimpawu zayo ezibonakalayo kunye nesicelo esijoliswe kuyo. Iipowders ezikumgangatho ophezulu ze-abrasive zihlelwa ngumxholo wazo we-SiC, kunye neepesenti eziphezulu zihlala zibonisa ubunzima obungcono kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusika. Apha ngezantsi kucazululwe ngeenkcukacha zokwakheka kweekhemikhali zombini eziMnyama kunye neGreen Silicon Carbide.
| Icandelo | I-Silicon Carbide emnyama (%) | I-Silicon Carbide eluhlaza (%) |
|---|---|---|
| I-Silicon Carbide (SiC) | 98.00 - 98.80 | 99.00 - 99.50 |
| Ikhabhoni yasimahla (C) | ≤ 0.20 | ≤ 0.15 |
| I-Ferric oxide (Fe2O3) | ≤ 0.30 | ≤ 0.10 |
| Izinto zeMagnetic | ≤ 0.005 | ≤ 0.003 |
| Okunye Ukungcola | Landela umkhondo | Landela umkhondo |
Ukucoceka okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide eluhlaza (ehlala idlula i-99% ye-SiC) ifezekiswa ngokukhetha okungqongqo kwezinto ezikrwada kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi lwe-atmosphere yesithando somlilo. Oku kucoceka okuphezulu kuguqulela kwisakhiwo esibukhali sengqolowa kunye nokusebenza okungcono kwizicelo zokugaya ezichanekileyo.
Ukusebenza komatshini we-silicon carbide abrasive powder yinto eyenza ukuba ihluke kwi-abrasives yendabuko njenge-aluminium oxide okanye i-garnet. Ukuqina kwayo kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal kuphakathi kwezona zinto ziphezulu kwizinto zokwenziwa. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza iimpawu eziphambili zoomatshini kunye nezomzimba ezichaza ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwimizi-mveliso.
| Ipropati | Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo | ICandelo loMlinganiso |
|---|---|---|
| Ulwakhiwo lweCrystal | Hexagonal/Alpha | - |
| Mohs Ubunzima | 9.2 - 9.5 | Isikali 1-10 |
| Ukuqina kweKnoop (K100) | 2400 - 2800 | kg/mm² |
| Ukuxinana | 3.15 - 3.25 | g/cm³ |
| Indawo yokunyibilika | 2,730 (Ukwahlula) | °C |
| I-Thermal Conductivity | 60 - 150 | W/m·K |
| Amandla acinezelayo | 3.9 - 4.5 | GPA |
Ngenxa yezi zakhiwo zoomatshini, i-silicon carbide ayisiyonto igqwesileyo kuphela kodwa ikwayinto ephezulu yokuchasa. Ukukwazi kwayo ukugcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo kunye nobunzima kumaqondo okushisa angaphezu kwe-1,000 ° C kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwifenitshala ye-kiln ephezulu kunye nokutshintsha ubushushu.
I-Silicon carbide powder abrasive inikezela ngeseti ekhethekileyo yeenzuzo ezenza kube yinto ekhethiweyo yokufuna imisebenzi yezoshishino. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokushisa okukhulu.
Ezi nzuzo ziguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kugcino lweendleko kubavelisi ngokunciphisa ukunxiba kwesixhobo kunye nokunyusa isantya semijikelo yemveliso. Kwimisebenzi yokugaya enesantya esiphezulu, amandla e-silicon carbide abrasive powder ukugcina "iluma" iphumela ekuphumeleleni okumbalwa okufunekayo kunye nokugqiba okuphezulu.
Ukuguquguquka kwe-silicon carbide abrasive powder ivumela ukuba isetyenziswe kuluhlu olukhulu lwamashishini. Ukusuka kwimveliso yemveli ukuya kwitekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge, usetyenziso lwayo alunamda.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando olubalulekileyo lubandakanya ishishini lelanga. Njengoko umhlaba ujikeleza kumandla avuselelekayo, ukuveliswa kwesilicon ecocekileyo kakhulu yeepaneli zelanga kuye kwathembela kakhulu kwi-silicon carbide abrasive powder yokusika ii-ingots ze-silicon zibe zii-wafers ezibhityileyo. Ngelixa ucingo lwedayimani luye lwafumana ukuthandwa, i-SiC slurry ihlala iyindlela ebalulekileyo yezicelo ezichanekileyo eziphezulu kweli candelo.
Ngelixa zombini iindidi zabelana ngekhemistri esisiseko efanayo, umahluko ofihlakeleyo phakathi komgubo omnyama kunye nohlaza we-silicon carbide abrasive ubalulekile kwiziphumo ezithile zamashishini. I-silicon carbide emnyama iveliswa ngokusabela kwe-silica kunye nekhabhoni ngexabiso elincinci letyuwa kunye ne-sawdust. Ubukho bezi zongezo bubangela ukucoceka okungaphantsi kancinane kodwa kudala ukhozo oluqinileyo olulunge kakhulu ekusileni umsebenzi onzima wemathiriyeli efana nelitye kunye nentsimbi etyhidiweyo.
I-silicon carbide eluhlaza iveliswa kusetyenziswa ibakala eliphezulu lemathiriyeli ekrwada kwaye ngaphandle kwezongezo ezithile, okukhokelela kwisicoci, ikristale eluhlaza eguquguqukayo ngakumbi. I-friable ngakumbi (iphuka ngokulula) kune-SiC emnyama, evakala ngathi yinto engalunganga, kodwa eneneni iyinzuzo kwimisebenzi echanekileyo. I-friability ephezulu iqinisekisa ukuba i-abrasive ihlala ibukhali kubo bonke ubomi bayo, okwenza kube yinto ekhethiweyo yokugaya izixhobo ze-tungsten carbide kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezichanekileyo.
Ukusebenza kwe-silicon carbide abrasive powder kunqunywe ubukhulu becala bubungakanani bayo begrit. Iigrits ngokubanzi zihlelwa kwii-Macro grits (F8 ukuya kwi-F220) kunye ne-Micro grits (F230 ukuya kwi-F2000). Umgangatho we-FEPA lolona phawu luqhelekileyo lusetyenziswayo kwihlabathi kwezi sayizi.
Umzekelo, i-F60 grit powder irhabaxa kwaye isetyenziselwa ukususwa kwezinto ezinzima, ezinjengokusila ukuphosa okurhabaxa. Kwelinye icala, umgubo we-F1200 yinto efana nomgubo ocolekileyo kakhulu esetyenziselwa ukupolishwa kokugqibela kwezipili zeteleskopu okanye ukucuthwa kweewafers zesemiconductor. Ukufezekisa i "Perfect Polish" kufuna inkqubo enamanqanaba amaninzi apho igcisa liqala nge-silicon carbide abrasive powder kwaye ngokuqhubekayo liqhubela phambili kwigrits ezicolekileyo ukususa imikrwelo eshiywe linyathelo langaphambili.
Izibalo zemarike zibonisa ukuba imfuno yomgubo we-micro-sized powders ikhula ngesantya esikhawulezayo kune-grits ye-macro, eqhutywa yi-miniaturization yamacandelo e-elektroniki kunye nesidingo esikhulayo sokugqiba ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwicandelo le-aerospace. Ngokweengxelo zeshishini zamva nje, imakethi ye-Micro-grit ye-SiC kulindeleke ukuba ibone i-CAGR (iNqanaba lokuKhula koNyaka) ngaphezulu kwe-5.5% ukuya ku-2030.
Olunye lolona setyenziso lunomdla lwangoku lwesilicon carbide abrasive powder ayisiyonto erhabaxa, kodwa njengesandulela seSiC wafers ezisetyenziswa kumbane wamandla. Nangona kunjalo, i-powder abrasive ngokwayo idlala indima emibini apha. Ekwenziweni kwezi ziqwenga, i-SiC powder isetyenziswa njengesixhobo ekrwada kwiinkqubo zoThutho loMphunga wePhysical (PVT) ukukhulisa iibhowule ze-SiC zekristale enye. Ngaphaya koko, xa iboule sele ikhulile, kufuneka isikwe kwaye ipolishwe kusetyenziswa isilicon carbide abrasive powder ukufikelela kwindawo "epi-ready" efunekayo ekwenzeni itshiphu.
Ii-semiconductors ze-silicon carbide ziphezulu kune-silicon yendabuko kuba ziyakwazi ukuphatha i-voltages ephezulu, amaqondo okushisa aphezulu, kunye nesantya sokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kwii-inverters zamandla eTesla nakwezinye iimoto zombane. Njengoko imarike ye-EV isanda, lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela-ukusuka kwi-silicon carbide abrasive powder ekrwada ukuya kwimodyuli yamandla egqityiweyo-ibona utyalo-mali olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji.
Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yoshishino, ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-silicon carbide powder abrasive ineempembelelo zokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo ye-Acheson inamandla kakhulu kwaye ivelisa i-carbon dioxide njenge-byproduct. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi banamhlanje basebenzisa itekhnoloji yokubamba i-carbon kwaye batshintshela kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukunika amandla iziko labo. Ngaphezu koko, ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-SiC njenge-abrasive kuthetha ukuba izinto ezincinci zifunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi othile xa kuthelekiswa nama-abrasives athambileyo, ukunciphisa umjelo wenkunkuma yonke.
Ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko lwasemsebenzini, i-silicon carbide ithathwa "njengothuli oluphazamisayo." Nangona kungenatyhefu, ubume obubukhali bamaqhekeza buthetha ukuba ukukhutshwa kothuli olufanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela zomntu (PPE) zinyanzelekile kwiindawo zoshishino. Ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zale nto ingakholelekiyo zinokufakwa ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni impilo yabasebenzi.
Umenzi wecandelo eliphambili le-aerospace kutshanje uye watshintsha ukusuka ekusebenziseni amavili e-aluminiyam oxide yemveli ukuya kumabhanti e-silicon carbide-agqunywe nge-powder kunye nomgubo wokugqibezela iiblade ze-iturbine ezenziwe ngealloyi ze-titanium. Iziphumo zazibalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa ubunzima obuphezulu kunye neempawu zokushisa ze-silicon carbide powder abrasive, umenzi wachaza ukunciphisa i-30% ngexesha lokucubungula nge-blade kunye ne-20% yokwanda kwexesha lokuphila kweendaba ezinqabileyo.
Isenzo esibukhali sokusika i-SiC powder sithintele "ukugcoba" kwendawo ye-titanium, umba oqhelekileyo kunye nama-abrasives athambileyo ahlala ekhokelela kwiziphene zomhlaba kunye nobuthathaka besakhiwo. Olu pho nonongo lubonisa indlela ukutshintshela kwi-silicon carbide ephezulu ecocekileyo inokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgca ophantsi kunye nomgangatho wamacandelo abalulekileyo okhuseleko.
Xa ufumana i-silicon carbide abrasive powder, ukuhambelana komgangatho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Abasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso kufuneka bajonge ababoneleli ababonelela ngeeNgxelo ezibanzi zoHlalutyo lweBatch (BAR) okanye iziQinisekiso zoHlahlelo (COA). La maxwebhu kufuneka aqinisekise umxholo we-SiC, ukusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle (PSD), kunye namanqanaba okungcola.
Ngaphaya koko, imilo ebonakalayo yeenkozo ibalulekile. Kwezinye izicelo, ingqolowa ene-blocky ikhethwa ukuhlala ixesha elide, ngelixa kwabanye, ingqolowa ebukhali, efana nenaliti iyimfuneko ekusikeni ngokukrakra. Umthengisi oqeqeshiweyo uya kubonelela ngeemilo eziziinkozo ezahlukeneyo kunye nonyango lomphezulu (njengonyango lobushushu okanye ukugquma kweekhemikhali) ukunyusa umgubo womthengi kumatshini okhethekileyo kunye neemfuno zemathiriyeli.
Ikamva le-silicon carbide abrasive powder libukeka liqaqambile, liqhutywa yi "Electrifications Three": ukufakelwa kombane kwezothutho, ukufakwa kombane kwigridi, kunye nokufakelwa kombane wobushushu boshishino. Njengoko amashishini ehlabathi eqhubela phambili kwizinto ezisebenza ngakumbi nezinzima, imfuno ye-SiC yokubumba kunye nokugqiba ezi mathiriyeli iya kukhula kuphela.
Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuyenzeka nakwi-nano-scale. Iipowders ze-Nano-silicon carbide ziphandwa ukuze zisetyenziswe kwi-metal-matrix composites eyomeleziweyo kunye nokwaleka kwe-ceramic ephezulu. Ezi zixhobo zithembisa ukuhambisa umlinganiselo wamandla kubunzima obungazange bubonwe ngaphambili, obunokuthi butshintshe ubunjineli bolwakhiwo kumashumi eminyaka ezayo. I-silicon carbide ayisekho nje "uthuli lokusila"; sisixhobo esisisiseko sekamva lobuchwepheshe.
Isishwankathelo, i-silicon carbide abrasive powder sisixhobo esingaqhelekanga semizi-mveliso esichazwa bubulukhuni bayo bedayimani ekufutshane, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ekhethekileyo, kunye nokomelela kweekhemikhali. Siye sahlola ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, siqaphela amanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka afunekayo ekusebenzeni kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kwaye sihlolisise ukusebenza kwayo ngoomatshini, okugxininisa indima yayo kwiindawo zokushisa okugqithisileyo. Ukususela kumsebenzi onzima wokusila wentsimbi kunye ne-SiC emnyama ukuya kwi-polish echanekileyo ye-semiconductors ene-SiC eluhlaza, ukuguquguquka kwesi sixhobo akuhambelani. Izibonelelo zayo, ezifana nesakhiwo esibukhali se-crystalline kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-thermal shock, zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibonakalayo ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nomgangatho. Njengoko amashishini aguqukayo, ngakumbi kwimimandla yezithuthi zombane kunye ne-aerospace, i-silicon carbide iya kuhlala iyi-asethi eyimfuneko kwi-toolkit yemveliso yehlabathi.
1. Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-silicon carbide abrasive powder emnyama kunye eluhlaza?
I-silicon carbide emnyama iqulethe ukungcola okuthe kratya kwaye yomelele, iyenza ilungele izixhobo zokuqina ezisezantsi njengentsimbi kunye nelitye. I-silicon carbide eluhlaza inobunyulu obuphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo> 99%) kwaye iyathandeka ngakumbi, iyenza ibe ngcono ukucolwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezinto eziqinileyo ezifana ne-tungsten carbide kunye neglasi yokukhanya.
2. Ngaba i-silicon carbide powder abrasive ingaphinda isetyenziswe?
Ewe, kwizicelo ezininzi ezifana nokuqhunyiswa kwesanti okanye iinkqubo ezithile zokurhabula, iSiC inokubuyiselwa kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona amaxesha amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-friable, amasuntswana aya kuhla abe ngamancinci amancinci ngokusetyenziswa ngakunye, ekugqibeleni aphulukane nokusebenza kwawo kwinkcazo yokuqala.
3. Ngaba i-silicon carbide inzima kune-aluminiyam oxide?
Ewe, i-silicon carbide inzima kakhulu kune-aluminium oxide. Kwinqanaba le-Mohs, i-SiC ibeka i-9.2 ukuya kwi-9.5, ngelixa i-aluminium oxide iphakathi kwe-9.0. Oku kwenza i-SiC ibe ngcono ukusika ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinzima okanye ezinqabileyo.
4. Ngaba i-silicon carbide powder iyingozi?
I-SiC ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengeyona nto inetyhefu kwaye ayihlelwanga njenge-carcinogen. Nangona kunjalo, njengawo nawuphi na umgubo ocolekileyo, ukuwuphefumlela kunokubangela ukucaphuka kokuphefumula. Hlala usebenzisa umoya ofanelekileyo kwaye unxibe imaski yothuli okanye isiphefumlo xa uphethe umgubo kwindawo eyomileyo.
5. Ndikhetha njani ubungakanani obuchanekileyo begrit kwiprojekthi yam?
Ukhetho luxhomekeke ekugqityweni okufunwayo. Amanani egrit asezantsi (umzekelo, F24, F36) arhabaxa kwaye asetyenziselwa ukususwa kwezinto ngokukhawuleza. Amanani aphezulu egrit (umzekelo, F600, F1000) alungile kwaye asetyenziselwa ukugqibezela okugudileyo, okufana nesipili. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iprojekthi ifuna ukulandelelana kweegrits ukusuka kwi-coarse ukuya kwi-fine.
6. Ngaba i-silicon carbide powder abrasive iphelelwa lixesha?
Hayi, i-silicon carbide iyiminerali ezinzileyo yekhemikhali kwaye ayiphelelwanga okanye ithobe ixesha elide xa igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, ecocekileyo. Inkxalabo ephambili ngexesha lokugcinwa kukuthintela ukufunxwa komswakama, okunokubangela ukuba umgubo udibanise.
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