Silicon Carbide (SiC) Budada: Guryaha, Codsiyada Warshadaha

Iibsadayaasha caalamiga ah iyo maareeyayaasha wax soo iibsiga, fahamka nuucyada budada silikoon carbide ma aha oo kaliya shuruud farsamo - waa lama huraan tartan ah. Haddii loo isticmaalo sida deoxidizer-ka samaynta birta, wax-soo-saar heersare ah, ama qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah korantada korantada (EV), SiC waxay bixisaa isku-dar gaar ah oo engegnaanta, kuleylka kuleylka, iyo xasilloonida kiimikada.

Waa maxay Silicon Carbide (SiC)?

Silicon carbide waa semiconductor ka kooban silikon iyo kaarboon. Dabeecadda, waa dhif naadir, oo laga helo oo keliya qaddarka raadadka ee noocyada saadaasha hawada qaarkood iyo kaydka corundum. Sidaa darteed, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan carbide silicon ee loo isticmaalo warshadaha si farsamaysan ayaa loo soo saaray.

Dhismaha Crystal

SiC waa mid gaar ah sababtoo ah waxay soo bandhigtay polymorphism, taasoo la micno ah inay ku jiri karto in ka badan 250 foomamka crystalline. Qaab dhismeedka ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah:

Alpha Silicon Carbide (α-SiC): Polymorph-ka ugu caansan, oo lagu garto qaab-dhismeedka crystal-ka. Waxay ku xasilloon tahay heerkul ka sarreeya 1700 ° C.

Beta Silicon Carbide (β-SiC): Foomkan waxa uu leeyahay qaab-dhismeedka crystal cubic (oo la mid ah dheeman) waxaana lagu sameeyay heerkul ka hooseeya 1700°C.

Waxyaabaha Muhiimka ah ee Jirka iyo Kiimikada

Waa maxay sababta budada SiC loo raadsado? Halbeegyada waxqabadkeedu waa kuwo aan la mid ahayn:

Adag- Adag: Iyada oo adkaanta Mohs ee 9.0 ilaa 9.5, waa labaad ee kaliya ee dheeman iyo karbide boron.

Dhaqdhaqaaqa Kuleylka Sare: SiC waxay u dirtaa kuleylka si ka dhaqso badan inta badan biraha, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon jawiga heerkulka sare.

Balaadhinta kulaylka hooseeya: Waxay ka hortagtaa dagaal ama dildilaac marka la eego isbeddelada heerkulka degdega ah (iska caabin shoog kulaylka heer sare ah).

Kiimiko la'aan: Waxay aad ugu adkaysataa daxalka aashitada, alkalis, iyo milixyada dhalaalay, xitaa heerkul sare.

Guryaha Semiconducting : Si ka duwan kuwa kale oo badan oo abrasives ah, SiC waa semiconductor-bandgap ballaaran, kaas oo wax ka beddelaya warshadaha korontada.

Habka wax-soo-saarka: Habka Acheson iyo wixii ka dambeeya

Wax soo saarka ee daahirsanaanta sarebudada carbide siliconwaa geedi socod raasamaal iyo tamar culus leh.

Habka Acheson

Waxa ikhtiraacay Edward Goodrich Acheson 1891kii, tani waxa ay ahaanaysaa habka aasaasiga ah ee wax soo saarka baaxadda leh.

Walxaha ceeriin: Ciidda silica-saafiya-sare leh (SiO2) iyo kookaha batroolka (C) ayaa isku dhafan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, balka iyo milixda ayaa lagu daraa si loo xakameeyo porosity-ga oo looga saaro wasakhda.

Foornada Korontada: Isku dhafka waxaa lagu dhejiyaa foornada iska caabinta. Qulqulka korantada waxa uu dhex maraa xudunta garaafka, kaas oo kuleyliya isku dhafka ku hareeraysan heerkul u dhexeeya 1,700°C iyo 2,500°C.

Falcelinta Kiimikada: Falcelinta SiO2 + 3C → SiC + 2CO ayaa dhacda.

Goynta: Marka foornadu qaboojiso, tiro weyn oo "cylindrical" ah oo kiristaalo SiC ah ayaa la sameeyay. Xudunta ayaa ka kooban nadiifinta ugu sareysa (Green SiC), halka lakabyada sare ay keenaan Black SiC.

Ku shaqaynta budada

Marka crystals ceeriin la goosto, waxay maraan dhowr marxaladood oo processing:

Burburinta & Milling: Isticmaalka burburiyaha daanka, biraha dubbe, ama qalabka wax lagu shiido si loo yareeyo crystals-ka oo budo ah.

Qiimaynta (Qiimaynta): Isticmaalka shaashadaha gariiraya ama kala-soociyaasha hawada si loo hubiyo in budada ay la kulanto cabbirro gaar ah (tusaale, FEPA, JIS, ama heerarka ANSI).

Acid dhaqid & Nadiifin: Si meesha looga saaro birta hadhaaga ah, silikoon lacag la'aan ah, ama kaarboon, budada waxaa inta badan lagu daaweeyaa kiimikooyin si loo gaaro heerarka daahirsanaanta 98% ilaa 99.9%.

Black vs. Cagaar Silicon Carbide: Fahamka faraqa

Suuqa caalamiga ah, budada SiC guud ahaan waxaa lagu kala saaraa midabkeeda, taas oo ka tarjumaysa nadiifnimadeeda iyo isticmaalka loogu talagalay.

Silicon Carbide madow (SiC madow)

Black SiC wuxuu ka kooban yahay qiyaastii 95% ilaa 98% SiC. Midabkeeda mugdiga ah waxaa sabab u ah raadadka birta iyo wasakhda kaarboonka.

Sifooyin: Waxoogaa ka adag balse ka jaban SiC cagaaran.

Waxa ugu Wanaagsan: Shiididda walxaha xoogga adag sida birta shubka ah, biraha aan birta ahayn (naxaasta, aluminium), iyo walxaha aan biraha ahayn (dhagax, caag, alwaax). Sidoo kale waa doorashada koowaad ee deoxidization metallurgical.

Silicon Carbide cagaaran (Green SiC)

Cagaaran SiC waa kala duwanaanshaha-nadiifinta sare, caadi ahaan ka badan 99% ka kooban SiC.

Sifooyin: Adag oo sarreeya iyo awoodda goynta sare marka loo eego SiC madow.

Waxa ugu Fiican: Shiidi saxda ah ee walxaha adag iyo kuwa jajaban sida tungsten carbide, muraayadaha indhaha, ceramics, iyo waferrada semiconductor.

Codsiyada Warshadaha Aasaasiga ah

Metallurgy iyo Bir-samaynta

Warshadaha birta, budada SiC waxay u adeegtaa sida deoxidizer awood leh iyo isha shidaalka ee cupolas iyo foornooyinka korantada.

Faa'iidooyinka: Waxay wanaajisaa dareeraha birta dhalaalaysa, waxay xoojisaa silikoon iyo heerarka soo kabashada kaarboonka, waxayna yaraynaysaa isticmaalka tamarta guud ee habka dhalaalka.

Soosaarka Birta Cast:Waxay kor u qaadaa samaynta jajabyada garaafka, taasoo u horseedaysa cawl iyo bir tayo sare leh.

Abrasives iyo dhamaystirka dusha sare

Tani waa laga yaabaa inay tahay isticmaalka ugu dhaqameed ee budada SiC.

Abrasives Bonded: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo giraangiraha shiida iyo jarista saxannada.

Abrasives-ka Dahaarka leh: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa waraaqaha-cammuudda iyo suumanka sifaynta.

Dhaqidda & Tooshka: Budada SiC ee Fiican waxaa loo isticmaalaa "slurries" si sax ah loo dhaqo valves, gears, iyo substrates semiconductor.

Refractories iyo Ceramics

Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay barta dhalaalkeeda sare (waxa ay hoos u dhigtaa ku dhawaad ​​​​2,700°C) iyo balaadhinta kulaylka hooseeya, SiC waa walxo horudhac ah.

Furniture Kiln: Taarikada SiC-da iyo alwaaxyada waxaa loo adeegsadaa weelka dhoobada sababtoo ah kuma dhisna culeysyo culus oo heerkul aad u daran.

Dhoobada Farsamada: Waxaa loo adeegsadaa jaakadaha xabadda celiya, faraantiga xira ee matoorada, iyo saxannada biriiga ee baabuurta.

Qalabka Elektarooniga Sare (Kacaanka SiC)

Qarnigii 21aad waxa uu arkay kor u kaca baahida SiC ee warshadaha semiconductor.

Aaladaha Korontada: MOSFETs-ku-saleysan SiC-da iyo diodka ayaa aad uga waxtar badan qaybaha silikon-dhaqameedka ah

Kaabayaasha 5G: SiC waxay u adeegtaa sidii agabka Gallium Nitride (GaN) ee aaladaha SiC, kaasoo awood u leh saldhigyada saldhigyada 5G ee soo noqnoqonaya.

Heerarka Tayada Caalamiga ah ee SiC Powder

Marka laga soo xigtaybudada SiCcaalami ahaan, iibsadayaashu waa inay maraan nidaamyada kala duwan ee qiimeynta:

FEPA(Federation of European Producers of Abrasives): Waxay isticmaashaa"F"(loogu talagalay abrasives-ka xidhan)iyo"P"(loogu talagalay abrasives dahaarka leh)horgalayaasha(tusaale,F240,P1200).

JIS (Heerka Warshadaha Jabbaan): Caadi ahaan suuqyada Aasiya (tusaale,#3000).

ANSI(Machadka Heerarka Heerarka Qaranka ee Mareykanka):Waxay u taagan tahay suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika.

Heerarka daahirnimada ayaa muhiim ah:

Fasalka Metallurgical:88%-95%SiC.

Fasalka Abrasive:96%-98.5%SiC.

Nadaafadda Sare /Derejada dhoobada:99%SiC.

Silicon carbide budada ah ayaa aad uga badan abrasive fudud.It waa qalab-farsamo sare ah oo isku xira farqiga u dhexeeya warshadaha culus ee dhaqameed iyo mustaqbalka tamarta nadiifka ah.Iyadoo la fahmayo darajooyinkeeda, hababka wax soo saarka, iyo codsiyada, xirfadlayaasha birta iyo kuwa ku takhasusay wax soo iibsiga waxay hubin karaan inay doortaan alaabta saxda ah si ay u hagaajiyaan shaqadooda iyo tayada alaabta.