Ifu ya Silicon Carbide (SiC) Ifu: Ibyiza, Porogaramu Yinganda

Ku baguzi mpuzamahanga n’abashinzwe gutanga amasoko, kumva neza ifu ya karubide ya silikoni ntabwo isabwa tekiniki gusa - ni ngombwa guhatanira. Yaba ikoreshwa nka deoxidizer mugukora ibyuma, gukora cyane, cyangwa ibintu byingenzi mubikoresho byamashanyarazi (EV) amashanyarazi, SiC itanga uruvange rwihariye rwubukomezi, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, hamwe n’imiti ihamye.

Carbide ya Silicon (SiC) ni iki?

Carbide ya Silicon ni igice cya semiconductor igizwe na silicon na karubone. Muri kamere, ni gake cyane, iboneka gusa mumibare yubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa meteorite hamwe nububiko bwa corundum. Kubwibyo, hafi ya karibide ya silicon ikoreshwa munganda ikorwa muburyo bumwe.

Imiterere ya Crystal

SiC irihariye kuko yerekana polymorphism, bivuze ko ishobora kubaho muburyo burenga 250 bwa kristu. Inzego zisanzwe zirimo:

Alpha Silicon Carbide (α-SiC): Polimorph ikunze kugaragara, irangwa na kristu ya mpandeshatu. Irahagaze ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 1700 ° C.

Beta Silicon Carbide (β-SiC): Iyi fomu ifite imiterere ya cubic kristal (isa na diyama) kandi ikorwa mubushyuhe buri munsi ya 1700 ° C.

Ibyingenzi Byumubiri na Himiki

Kuki ifu ya SiC ishakishwa cyane? Imikorere yacyo ibipimo ntagereranywa:

Ubukomere bukabije: Hamwe na Mohs ubukana bwa 9.0 kugeza 9.5, ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama na karbide.

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane: SiC ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe vuba kurusha ibyuma byinshi, bigatuma biba byiza kubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe buke: Irwanya guturika cyangwa guturika mugihe cy'ubushyuhe butunguranye (birwanya ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro).

Inertness ya chimique: Irwanya cyane kwangirika kwa acide, alkalis, nu munyu ushongeshejwe, ndetse no mubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Semiconducting Properties: Bitandukanye nibindi byinshi byangiza, SiC numuyoboro mugari wa semiconductor, uhindura inganda za electronics.

Uburyo bwo Gukora: Uburyo bwa Acheson na Hanze

Umusaruro wo kwera cyaneifu ya silicon karbideni igishoro-kinini kandi imbaraga-ziremereye.

Inzira ya Acheson

Yahimbwe na Edward Goodrich Acheson mu 1891, ubu buracyari uburyo bwibanze bwo gukora umusaruro munini.

Ibikoresho bibisi: Umucanga wa silika-yera cyane (SiO2) na kokiya ya peteroli (C) bivanze. Rimwe na rimwe, ibiti byumunyu byongewemo kugirango bigabanye ububobere no gukuraho umwanda.

Itanura ry'amashanyarazi: Uruvange rushyirwa mu itanura rirwanya. Umuyagankuba unyuzwa mu gishushanyo cya grafite, ushyushya imvange ikikije ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 1.700 ° C na 2500 ° C.

Imiti yimiti: reaction SiO2 + 3C → SiC + 2CO ibaho.

Gusarura: Itanura rimaze gukonja, hakozwe misa nini ya "silindrike" ya kirisiti ya SiC. Intangiriro ikubiyemo ubuziranenge buhanitse (Green SiC), mugihe ibice byo hanze bitanga umukara SiC.

Gutunganya ifu

Amashanyarazi amaze gusarurwa, ahura nibyiciro byinshi byo gutunganya:

Kumenagura & Gusya: Gukoresha urusyo, urusyo, cyangwa urusyo rw'umupira kugirango ugabanye kristu ifu.

Gutanga amanota (Sizing): Gukoresha ecran ya ecran cyangwa ibyiciro byo mu kirere kugirango umenye neza ko ifu yujuje ubunini bwa grit (urugero: FEPA, JIS, cyangwa ANSI ibipimo).

Gukaraba Acide & Kwoza: Gukuraho icyuma gisigaye, silikoni yubusa, cyangwa karubone, ifu ikunze gukoreshwa n’imiti kugirango igere ku gipimo cya 98% kugeza kuri 99.9%.

Umukara na Green Silicon Carbide: Sobanukirwa Itandukaniro

Ku isoko ryisi, ifu ya SiC mubusanzwe ishyirwa mubyiciro byamabara yayo, byerekana ubuziranenge bwayo nogukoresha.

Umukara wa Silicon Carbide (Umukara SiC)

Umukara SiC urimo hafi 95% kugeza kuri 98% SiC. Ibara ryijimye riterwa numubare wibyuma na karubone.

Ibiranga: Birakomeye ariko bitoroshye kurenza icyatsi cya SiC.

Ibyiza Kuri: Gusya ibikoresho byingufu zingana cyane nkibyuma, ibyuma bidafite fer (umuringa, aluminium), nibikoresho bitari ibyuma (amabuye, reberi, ibiti). Nibwo buryo bwambere bwo guhitamo metallurgical deoxidisation.

Icyatsi cya Silicon Carbide (Icyatsi kibisi)

Icyatsi kibisi nicyiza-cyera cyane, mubisanzwe birenga 99% bya SiC.

Ibiranga: Gukomera cyane nimbaraga zo gukata ugereranije na SiC yirabura.

Ibyiza Kuri: Gusya neza ibikoresho bikomeye kandi byoroshye nka tungsten karbide, ikirahure cya optique, ceramics, na wafers ya semiconductor.

Porogaramu Yibanze Yinganda

Gukora ibyuma no gukora ibyuma

Mu nganda zibyuma, ifu ya SiC ikora nka deoxidizer ikomeye nisoko ya peteroli mu bikombe no mu ziko ryamashanyarazi.

Inyungu: Itezimbere ubwiza bwicyuma gishongeshejwe, ikazamura igipimo cya silikoni na karubone, kandi igabanya ingufu rusange zikoreshwa muburyo bwo gushonga.

Gukora Iron Iron: Itera imbere gushiraho feri ya grafite, biganisha ku cyuma cyiza kandi cyiza cyane.

Gukuraho no Kurangiza Ubuso

Ibi birashoboka ko aribwo buryo bwa gakondo bwo gukoresha ifu ya SiC.

Bonded Abrasives: Ikoreshwa mugukora ibiziga byo gusya no gukata disiki.

Gupfunyika Abrasives: Byakoreshejwe mumusenyi no gukenyera.

Gufata no Kuringaniza: Ifu nziza ya SiC ikoreshwa muri "slurries" kugirango ikoreshwe neza na valve, ibikoresho, hamwe na semiconductor substrates.

Amashanyarazi na Ceramics

Bitewe no gushonga kwayo (kurenza urugero kuri 2,700 ° C) no kwaguka kwinshi kwubushyuhe, SiC nikintu cyambere cyo kwanga.

Ibikoresho byo mu itanura: Isahani ya SiC n'ibiti bikoreshwa mu itanura rya ceramique kuko ridahinduka munsi yimitwaro iremereye kubushyuhe bukabije.

Ubukorikori bwa tekiniki: Bikoreshwa mu ikoti ridafite amasasu, impeta zifunga pompe, na disiki ya feri yimodoka.

Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bigezweho (Impinduramatwara ya SiC)

Mu kinyejana cya 21 hagaragaye ubwiyongere bwa SiC ku nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Ibikoresho by'ingufu: MOSFETs na diode ishingiye kuri SiC ikora neza kuruta ibice bya silicon gakondo.Ni ngombwa kuri sisitemu yo kwishyuza byihuse na inverter mu binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV).

Ibikorwa Remezo 5G: SiC ikora nka substrate ya Gallium Nitride (GaN) kubikoresho bya SiC, ikoresha sitasiyo ya 5G yumurongo wa 5G.

Ubuziranenge bwisi yose kuri Powder ya SiC

Iyo bivaIfu ya SiCmpuzamahanga, abaguzi bagomba kugendera kuri sisitemu zitandukanye zo gutanga amanota:

FEPA.

JIS (Uruganda rw’inganda mu Buyapani): Bisanzwe ku masoko yo muri Aziya (urugero, # 3000).

ANSI (Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe ubuziranenge): Igipimo cy’isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru.

Urwego Rwera:

Icyiciro cya Metallurgical: 88% -95% SiC.

Icyiciro cya Abrasive: 96% -98.5% SiC.

Isuku ryinshi / Urwego rwa Ceramic: 99% SiC.

Ifu ya karbide ya silicon irenze cyane ibintu byoroshye.Ni ibikoresho byubuhanga buhanitse bikuraho itandukaniro riri hagati yinganda gakondo ziremereye nigihe kizaza cyingufu zisukuye.Mu gusobanukirwa amanota yabyo, uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa, abahanga mubyuma bya metallurgie ninzobere mu gutanga amasoko barashobora kwemeza ko bahitamo ibicuruzwa byiza kugirango banoze ibikorwa byabo nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.