Silicon Carbide (SiC) Powder: Properties, Industrial Applications

Kwa ogula apadziko lonse lapansi ndi oyang'anira zogula, kumvetsetsa zamitundu yambiri ya silicon carbide powder sikungofunika luso-ndikofunikira pampikisano. Kaya imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati deoxidizer pakupanga zitsulo, kutsekemera kwapamwamba kwambiri, kapena chigawo chofunika kwambiri pamagetsi amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi (EV), SiC imapereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa kuuma, kutentha kwa kutentha, ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala.

Kodi Silicon Carbide (SiC) ndi chiyani?

Silicon carbide ndi semiconductor wapawiri wopangidwa ndi silicon ndi kaboni. M'chilengedwe, ndizosowa kwambiri, zomwe zimapezeka mu kuchuluka kwamtundu wina wa meteorites ndi ma depositi a corundum. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi ma silicon carbide onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani amapangidwa mopanga.

Kapangidwe ka Crystal

SiC ndi yapadera chifukwa imasonyeza polymorphism, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhalapo mu mitundu yoposa 250 ya crystalline. Zomangamanga zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

Alpha Silicon Carbide (α-SiC): Polymorph yodziwika bwino, yodziwika ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo a hexagonal. Ndi yokhazikika pa kutentha pamwamba pa 1700 ° C.

Beta Silicon Carbide (β-SiC): Fomu iyi ili ndi mawonekedwe a cubic crystal (ofanana ndi diamondi) ndipo amapangidwa pa kutentha kosachepera 1700 ° C.

Zofunika Zakuthupi ndi Zamankhwala

Chifukwa chiyani ufa wa SiC ukufunidwa? Zochita zake ndizosayerekezeka:

Kuuma Kwambiri: Ndi kuuma kwa Mohs kwa 9.0 mpaka 9.5, ndi yachiwiri kwa diamondi ndi boron carbide.

High Thermal Conductivity: SiC imataya kutentha mofulumira kuposa zitsulo zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kumalo otentha kwambiri.

Kuwonjezedwa kwa Mafuta Otsika: Kumakana kugwedezeka kapena kusweka pansi pakusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha (kukana kutenthedwa kwabwino kwa kutentha).

Chemical Inertness: Imalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri kuchokera ku zidulo, alkalis, ndi mchere wosungunuka, ngakhale pa kutentha kokwera.

Semiconducting Properties: Mosiyana ndi ma abrasives ena ambiri, SiC ndi wide-bandgap semiconductor, yomwe ikusintha makampani opanga zamagetsi.

Njira Yopangira: Njira ya Acheson ndi Kupitilira

Kupanga kwapamwamba-kuyerasilicon carbide ufandi njira yopezera ndalama zambiri komanso yolemera mphamvu.

Njira ya Acheson

Adapangidwa ndi Edward Goodrich Acheson mu 1891, iyi ikadali njira yayikulu yopangira zinthu zazikulu.

Zida Zopangira: Mchenga wa silica woyeretsedwa kwambiri (SiO2) ndi petroleum coke (C) amasakanizidwa. Nthawi zina, utuchi ndi mchere amawonjezedwa kulamulira porosity ndi kuchotsa zosafunika.

Ng'anjo yamagetsi: Chosakanizacho chimayikidwa mu ng'anjo yotsutsa. Mphamvu yamagetsi imadutsa pakati pa graphite, kutenthetsa kusakaniza kozungulira mpaka kutentha kwapakati pa 1,700 ° C ndi 2,500 ° C.

Chemical Reaction: Zomwe SiO2 + 3C → SiC + 2CO zimachitika.

Kukolola: Ng'anjoyo ikazizira, "cylindrical" yaikulu ya makhiristo a SiC amapangidwa. Pakatikati pamakhala chiyero chapamwamba kwambiri (Green SiC), pomwe zigawo zakunja zimapereka Black SiC.

Kupanga Powder

Akakololedwa makhiristo, amadutsa magawo angapo:

Kuphwanya & Kugaya: Kugwiritsa ntchito zophwanya nsagwada, nyundo, kapena mphero zochepetsera makhiristo kukhala ufa.

Kuyika (Kukula): Kugwiritsa ntchito zowonetsera zogwedeza kapena zowonetsera mpweya kuti zitsimikizire kuti ufa ukugwirizana ndi kukula kwake kwa grit (mwachitsanzo, FEPA, JIS, kapena ANSI miyezo).

Kutsuka ndi Kuyeretsa Acid: Kuchotsa chitsulo chotsalira, silicon yaulere, kapena kaboni, ufa nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala kuti ufikire chiyero cha 98% mpaka 99.9%.

Black vs. Green Silicon Carbide: Kumvetsetsa Kusiyana

Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, ufa wa SiC nthawi zambiri umagawika ndi mtundu wake, womwe umawonetsa kuyera kwake komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake.

Black Silicon Carbide (Black SiC)

Black SiC ili ndi pafupifupi 95% mpaka 98% SiC. Mtundu wake wakuda umabwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chitsulo ndi carbon.

Makhalidwe: Yolimba pang'ono koma yocheperako kuposa SiC yobiriwira.

Zabwino Kwambiri: Kupera zida zamphamvu zolimba kwambiri monga chitsulo chonyezimira, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo (mkuwa, aluminiyamu), ndi zinthu zopanda chitsulo (miyala, mphira, matabwa). Ndilonso chisankho choyambirira cha metallurgical deoxidization.

Green Silicon Carbide (Green SiC)

Green SiC ndiye mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, womwe umapitilira 99% SiC.

Makhalidwe: Kuuma kwapamwamba komanso mphamvu yodula kwambiri poyerekeza ndi SiC yakuda.

Zabwino Kwambiri: Kugaya mwatsatanetsatane kwa zinthu zolimba komanso zosalimba monga tungsten carbide, galasi la kuwala, zoumba, ndi zowotcha za semiconductor.

Ntchito Zoyambira Zamakampani

Metallurgy ndi Kupanga Zitsulo

M'makampani opangira zitsulo, SiC ufa umagwira ntchito ngati deoxidizer yamphamvu komanso gwero lamafuta mu cupolas ndi ng'anjo zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Ubwino: Iwo bwino fluidity wa chitsulo chosungunula, kumawonjezera pakachitsulo ndi mpweya kuchira mitengo, ndipo amachepetsa lonse mowa mphamvu ya ndondomeko kusungunuka.

Cast Iron Production: Imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a ma graphite flakes, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitsulo chapamwamba cha imvi ndi ductile iron.

Abrasives ndi Surface Finishing

Izi mwina ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ufa wa SiC.

Bonded Abrasives: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawilo opera ndi ma disc odulira.

Coated Abrasives: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu sandpaper ndi malamba opukutira.

Kupukutira & Kupukuta:Ufa wabwino wa SiC umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu "slurries"kulumikiza molondola mavavu, magiya, ndi magawo a semiconductor.

Refractories ndi Ceramics

Chifukwa cha malo ake osungunuka kwambiri (amatsika pafupifupi 2,700 ° C) komanso kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha kwapansi, SiC ndi chinthu choyamba chokana.

Mipando Yamoto: mbale za SiC ndi mizati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ng'anjo za ceramic chifukwa sizimapunduka pansi pa katundu wolemera pa kutentha kwambiri.

Ma Ceramics Aukadaulo: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzovala zotchingira zipolopolo, mphete zosindikizira zamapampu, ndi ma diski oboola magalimoto.

Advanced Electronics (The SiC Revolution)

Zaka za m'ma 2100 zawonjezeka kwambiri pakufunika kwa SiC pamakampani a semiconductor.

Zipangizo Zamagetsi: Ma MOSFET opangidwa ndi SiC ndi ma diode ndi opambana kuposa zida zachikhalidwe za silicon.Ndizofunika kwambiri pamakina othamanga komanso ma inverters mu Magalimoto Amagetsi (EVs).

5G Infrastructure: SiC imagwira ntchito ngati gawo la Gallium Nitride (GaN) pazida za SiC, zomwe zimakhala ndi masiteshoni apamwamba kwambiri a 5G.

Miyezo Yabwino Padziko Lonse ya Ufa wa SiC

PofufuzaSiC podaPadziko lonse lapansi, ogula amayenera kutsata machitidwe osiyanasiyana:

FEPA(Federation of European Producers of Abrasives):Amagwiritsa ntchito ma prefixes a"F"(za ma abrasives omangika)ndi"P"(pa ma abrasives)(mwachitsanzo,F240,P1200).

JIS(Japanese Industrial Standard):Zofala m'misika yaku Asia(mwachitsanzo,#3000).

ANSI (American National Standards Institute): Yokhazikika pamsika waku North America.

Miyezo Yoyera Yofunika:

Gulu la Metallurgical: 88% -95% SiC.

Gulu la Abrasive: 96% -98.5% SiC.

Kuyera Kwambiri/Ceramic Giredi:99%SiC.

Silicon carbide powder ndi zambiri kuposa abrasive abrasive.It ndi zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimagwirizanitsa kusiyana pakati pa mafakitale olemera kwambiri ndi tsogolo la mphamvu zoyera.Pomvetsetsa masukulu ake, njira zopangira, ndi ntchito, akatswiri azitsulo ndi akatswiri ogula zinthu angathe kuonetsetsa kuti akusankha mankhwala oyenera kuti akwaniritse ntchito zawo ndi khalidwe lazogulitsa.