Choyamba: Waya wovala pachimake ndi chingwe cholumikizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenga chitsulo chosungunuka. Amakhala pakati ufa wosanjikiza ndi chipolopolo chopangidwa ndi mizere zitsulo mapepala atakulungidwa padziko kunja kwa pachimake ufa wosanjikiza.

Chachiwiri: Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, waya wokhazikika amalowetsedwa mosalekeza mu ladle kudzera mu makina odyetsera mawaya. Pamene chipolopolo cha waya cored kulowa ladle amasungunuka, pachimake ufa wosanjikiza poyera ndi mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi chitsulo chosungunula kuti mankhwala anachita, ndipo Kupyolera mu mphamvu mphamvu ya argon mpweya woyambitsa, akhoza mogwira kukwaniritsa cholinga deoxidation, desulfurization, ndi kuchotsedwa kwa inclusions kupititsa patsogolo ubwino ndi ntchito zachitsulo.
Chachitatu: Zitha kuwoneka kuti kuti waya wonyezimira ayeretse bwino chitsulo chosungunula, zinthu ziwiri ziyenera kukumana, zomwe zimagwira ntchito muzitsulo za ufa ziyenera kumiza mu ngodya iliyonse yachitsulo chosungunuka; Zosakanizazo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zogwira maatomu a oxygen ndi sulfure.

Chachinayi: Calcium mu calcium silicon cored wire ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyambira ufa. Ngakhale kuti ndi deoxidizer yamphamvu, mphamvu yokoka yake yeniyeni ndi yopepuka, malo ake osungunuka ndi ochepa, ndipo n'zosavuta kupanga thovu pa kutentha kwakukulu. , chifukwa chake, kungogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zachitsulo monga gawo la ufa wa waya wa cored kumapangitsa kuti waya wonyezimira ayambe kuyaka akangotumizidwa mung'anjo yoyenga. Ngati chingwe chachitsulo sichimalowa m'munsi mwa chitsulo chosungunula, sichidzakwaniritsa bwino Ngakhale ngati miyeso monga zipangizo zomangira zowonongeka ndi kuyika mwamsanga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyaka kwawo sikungalephereke kwathunthu. Ngakhale kuti maziko a ufa wosanjikiza sangathe kukwaniritsa chiyeretso choyenera akawotchedwa pansi pazimenezi zogwirira ntchito, zidzachititsanso mtengo wapamwamba. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zinthu za calcium.