Silicon carbide, nws lub npe tshuaj SiC lossis lub npe lag luam carborundum, yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas tsim los ntawm tib neeg uas tau dhau los ua tus ncej ntawm niaj hnub engineering. Silicon carbide hmoov yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm silicon thiab carbon ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yuav luag txhua me ntsis ntawm silicon carbide abrasive hmoov siv nyob rau hauv factories hnub no yog tsim nyob rau hauv loj hluav taws xob furnaces.
Niaj hnub no, silicon carbide tsis yog "sib tsoo." Nws yog cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis siv los ua cov chips hauv koj lub xov tooj smartphone, cov nres hauv cov tsheb ua si ceev, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hnav los ntawm cov tub rog. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus cua sov, tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg puas tsuaj, thiab nyob twj ywm ntse txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav hnyav ua rau nws yog thawj qhov kev xaiv rau cov kws ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Feem ntau SiC yog tsim los siv cov txheej txheem Acheson. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, high-purity silica xuab zeb thiab roj av coke tau muab tso rau hauv lub cub hluav taws xob loj. Thaum lub cub tawg kub txog li 2,500 degrees Celsius, muaj tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim. Cov silicon thiab carbon daim ntawv cog lus ua ke los tsim cov muaju loj. Cov crystals no ces crushed thiab hauv av rau ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg los tsim cov hmoov peb siv niaj hnub no.
Cov hmoov yog txheeb los ntawm "grit" loj. Coarse hmoov muaj loj, ntxhib nplej uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau yam khoom sai. Cov hmoov zoo muaj me me, du nplej siv rau polishing. Kev lag luam ua raws li cov kev cai thoob ntiaj teb xws li FEPA thiab ANSI kom paub tseeb tias txhua lub hnab ntawm silicon carbide abrasive hmoov muaj qhov loj npaum li cas xav tau rau txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no yog vim li cas cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem tso siab rau SiC rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ib hnub dhau ib hnub.
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Kev ua haujlwm ntawmsilicon carbide abrasive hmoovnyob ntawm nws purity. Txawm tias me me ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov hmoov coj li cas. Hauv qab no yog ib lub rooj yooj yim uas qhia tias muaj dab tsi hauv cov xim dub thiab ntsuab silicon carbide hmoov zoo.
| Element/Component | Dub Silicon Carbide (%) | Green Silicon Carbide (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Silicon Carbide (SiC) | 98.2% - 98.8% | 99.2% - 99.7% |
| Dawb Carbon (C) | Tsawg dua 0.2% | Tsawg dua 0.1% |
| Hlau Oxide (Fe2O3) | Tsawg dua 0.3% | Tsawg dua 0.05% |
| Silica (SiO2) | Tsawg dua 0.3% | Tsawg dua 0.1% |
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ntsuab silicon carbide yog "huv" version. Nws muaj SiC ntau dua thiab tsawg dua impurities, uas yog vim li cas nws yog siv rau cov kev siv rhiab tshaj plaws, xws li hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
Cov lej no qhia rau lawv yog tias cov khoom siv tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ntawm lub siab lossis kub ntawm ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Ntawm no yog cov neeg kho tshuab stats rau silicon carbide hmoov.
| Lub cev khoom | Tus nqi | Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 9.2 - 9.5 | Nws tuaj yeem txiav los ntawm yuav luag txhua yam hlau lossis pob zeb. |
| Qhov ntom | 3.20 g / cm³ | Nws muaj zog tab sis tsis hnyav dhau. |
| Melting Point | 2,730 ° C (Dissociation) | Nws muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub kub heev. |
| Thermal conductivity | 120 W/m·K | Nws pab txias cov cuab yeej thaum lawv ua haujlwm. |
| Compressive zog | 3,900 MPa | Nws tuaj yeem siv ntau lub zog crushing. |
Cov lej no ua pov thawj tias silicon carbide abrasive hmoov yog tsim rau qhov chaw huab cua. Nws yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab uas tawm ntawm cov xuab zeb los yog txhuas oxide nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam kev kawm.
Vim hais tias silicon carbide hmoov muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj mus dhau ib hnub yam tsis siv ib yam dab tsi uas tau ua nrog kev pab los ntawm SiC.
Thaum lub Hoobkas yuav tsum tsim ib qho nyuaj hlau, lawv siv lub log sib tsoo. Yog hais tias ib feem yog ua los ntawm ib yam dab tsi zoo li cam khwb cia hlau los yog ib tug non-ferrous hlau (xws li txhuas los yog tooj liab), silicon carbide yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv. Tsis zoo li lwm cov abrasives, SiC tsis tau npub sai sai. Nws tawg mus rau hauv cov khoom ntse, yog li nws tseem txiav tau zoo kom txog thaum cov nplej tag lawm.
Cov no yog cov nplej me me uas lawv xav zoo li hmoov nplej. Cov hmoov no yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua "lapping." Piv txwv li, lo ntsiab muag nyob rau hauv high-end koob yees duab los yog telescopes yuav tsum tau zoo kawg nkaus du. Cov neeg ua haujlwm siv silicon carbide abrasive hmoov hauv cov kua sib tov maj mam rub lub khob kom txog thaum nws tiaj tus. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub teeb hla dhau ntawm lub lens yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Cov tsheb tsoos siv silicon chips los tswj lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, EVs yuav tsum txav hluav taws xob ntau sai heev los ntawm lub roj teeb mus rau lub cev muaj zog. Silicon chips tau kub dhau thiab pov tseg lub zog. Cov kws kho tsheb pom tias yog tias lawv siv silicon carbide xwb, cov chips tuaj yeem tswj cov hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab nyob txias dua.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub tsheb hluav taws xob tuaj yeem mus ntxiv ntawm ib qho nqi thiab them sai dua ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb. High-purity silicon carbide hmoov yog cov khoom pib ua cov chips siab heev. Raws li ntau tus neeg hloov mus rau lub tsheb fais fab, qhov kev thov rau cov hmoov zoo silicon carbide tau loj hlob sai dua li yav dhau los. Nws yog cov khoom zais cia ua rau kev thauj mus los ntsuab.
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Yav dhau los, "bulletproof" vests feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau hnyav lossis cov ntaub mos muag. Niaj hnub no, cov cuab yeej siv high-tech siv cov phaj ceramic. Ua cov phiaj no, silicon carbide hmoov yog nias rau hauv cov duab thiab ua kom sov kom txog thaum nws dhau los ua ib qho khoom, tawv tawv ntawm ceramic.
Thaum cov mos txwv kub ceev tsoo lub phaj silicon carbide, cov ceramic yog qhov nyuaj dua li cov mos txwv. Lub phaj quab yuam cov mos txwv kom flatten thiab tawg. Txawm hais tias lub phaj yuav tawg, nws nqus tag nrho lub zog thiab tiv thaiv tus neeg hnav. Vim tias SiC sib zog dua hlau, cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim dua thaum nyob nyab xeeb. Tib lub tshuab no yog siv los tiv thaiv ob sab ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov nyoob hoom qav taub.
Silicon carbide hmoov yog siv los tsim "refractory" cov ntaub ntawv. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tsim tshwj xeeb kom nyob twj ywm hauv cov cua sov. Piv txwv li, "furniture" nyob rau hauv lub ceramic kiln - lub rhawv thiab posts uas tuav lub lauj kaub tais diav - feem ntau yog ua los ntawm silicon carbide.
Vim tias SiC muaj qhov nthuav dav thermal tsawg, nws tsis loj hlob lossis qis dua thaum kub hloov pauv. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tawg. Yog tias koj siv cov txee hlau, lawv yuav khoov lossis yaj, tab sis silicon carbide nyob twj ywm zoo kawg nkaus. Qhov kev ntseeg siab no txuag cov tuam txhab nyiaj ntau vim tias lawv tsis tas yuav hloov lawv cov khoom feem ntau.
Ua ntej, vim nws nyuaj heev thiab siv sijhawm ntev, cov chaw tsim khoom tsis tas yuav siv ntau npaum li nws. Tsawg pov tseg txhais tau hais tias me dua hneev taw ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Qhov thib ob, raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsheb thiab hnub ci vaj huam sib luag.
Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci zog,silicon carbide hmoov yog siv los txiav cov silicon ingots rau hauv nyias wafers uas ntes lub hnub lub teeb. Qhov thinner thiab ntau meej qhov txiav, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag ua. Los ntawm kev muab cov cuab yeej los ua kom zoo dua hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab EVs, silicon carbide tau pab lub ntiaj teb txav deb ntawm cov roj thiab thee. Nws yog cov khoom "ntsuab" hauv ntau txoj hauv kev ntau dua li ib qho.
Rau kev tshem tawm xeb hnyav lossis pob zeb txiav, cov ntxhib dub silicon carbide feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj thiab tau txais txoj haujlwm sai.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm qee yam muag, zoo li lub khoos phis tawj lossis ib qho khoom siv nyiaj, koj yuav tsum nrhiav ntsuab silicon carbide micro-powder. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib qhov "purity" ntawm cov hmoov. Rau kev sib tsoo, 98% purity yog zoo. Tab sis ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, koj yuav xav tau 99.9% purity.
Nws yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab uas txuas rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv tshuab yav tom ntej. Nws qhov hardness heev tso cai rau peb los tsim cov tawv tawv thiab pob zeb. Nws tsis txaus ntseeg thaum tshav kub kub ua rau peb cov factories khiav thiab peb cov tsheb aerospace muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nws cov khoom hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb yog tam sim no hloov pauv txoj kev peb tsav thiab peb siv zog li cas. Los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj me tshaj plaws mus rau qhov cub loj tshaj plaws, silicon carbide abrasive hmoov muab lub zog thiab kev ntseeg siab uas niaj hnub kev lag luam xav tau. Raws li peb txuas ntxiv kev tsim kho tshiab, qhov "kev lag luam pob zeb diamond" no yuav tsis ntseeg nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm peb txoj kev vam meej.
1. Puas yog silicon carbide hmoov ntuj los yog neeg tsim?
Thaum nws muaj nyob rau hauv qhov zoo li cov ntxhia hu ua moissanite, nws tsis tshua muaj thiab pom tsuas yog hauv me me meteorites. Cov kev lag luam version yog tsim nyob rau hauv loj hluav taws xob furnaces siv xuab zeb thiab carbon.
2. Kuv puas tuaj yeem siv silicon carbide abrasive hmoov rau ntub thiab qhuav sib tsoo?
Yog, silicon carbide ua haujlwm zoo heev nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ib puag ncig. Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv "slurry" daim ntawv (sib xyaw nrog dej lossis roj) rau polishing iav thiab wafers, tab sis nws kuj yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv xuab zeb qhuav rau cov ntoo thiab hlau ua haujlwm.
3. Vim li cas ntsuab silicon carbide kim dua dub?
Ntsuab silicon carbide yog kim dua vim nws yog ntshiab dua. Nws xav tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua qub thiab ua tib zoo tsim cov txheej txheem kom ntseeg tau tias muaj tsawg dua impurities xws li hlau lossis carbon dawb.
4. Nws puas muaj kev nyab xeeb los tuav silicon carbide hmoov?
Silicon carbide tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias cov hmoov ua los ntawm cov pob zeb me me, ntse, nws tuaj yeem ua mob rau koj lub ntsws yog tias koj nqus tau nws, koj yuav tsum hnav lub npog ntsej muag thiab siv qhov cua kom zoo thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov hmoov hauv qhov chaw qhuav.
5. Puas yog silicon carbide hmoov xeb?
Tsis yog, silicon carbide yog cov khoom siv ceramic thiab tsis muaj hlau uas tuaj yeem xeb. Nws tiv taus dej, ntsev, thiab tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li siv tau rau hauv marine thiab tshuaj siv.
6. Kuv yuav khaws cov hmoov li cas?
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom nws qhuav. Yog tias cov hmoov tau ntub dej, nws tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau siv hauv tshuab lossis rau polishing meej. Khaws nws rau hauv ib lub thawv kaw hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav.
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